Achieving a “just transition” that ensures equitable outcomes for all stakeholders while managing the environmental and economic challenges of mining has significance in the sector. Mining is a significant contributor to GHG emissions and requires tailored decarbonization strategies supported by high-quality data and coordinated mitigation and adaptation efforts. The report underscores the need for voluntary and legal commitments from the mining industry, transparency initiatives, and international collaboration to foster shared responsibility between producing and consuming nations. Policy recommendations include incentivizing local businesses to decarbonize, leveraging international agreements, and developing interlinked strategies to balance the benefits and challenges of the energy transition.

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It examines the mining sector's pivotal role in the global energy transition and its alignment with international climate commitments. The highlights are on the sector’s dual responsibility to supply critical minerals for energy transition technologies while reducing its significant greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, particularly from energy-intensive processes and fugitive methane from coal mining. 

 

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The report provides a comprehensive understanding of how different countries are navigate the complexities of mining sector and explores the role of the mining sector in advancing climate change mitigation goals within the framework of nationally determined contributions (NDCs) in Chile, Indonesia, and South Africa. These countries were selected for their significant contributions to global mining, diverse geographies, and varied approaches to decarbonizing their mining sectors. 

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While mining remains a crucial economic driver and supplier of energy transition materials, it is also a significant source of GHG emissions. Chile’s ambitious policies demonstrate early successes in decarbonization, while Indonesia and South Africa contend with higher dependency on coal and complex policy environments. The report underscores the need for disaggregated emissions data and tailored strategies to enhance the mining sector’s contribution to climate goals.

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